The spectral emphasis value and the effect of focus on it for bi-syllabic words are investigated in Mandarin in this paper. It is found that, the spectral emphasis value of the onset is larger than that of the rhyme. The spectral emphasis value of the onset of the first syllable is larger than that of the second under unfocused condition, due to intervocalic voicing. The emphasis degree of the first syllable is larger than that of the second under focused condition, and that of the rhyme is larger than that of the onset.

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Author Keywords:- Focus, intensity, onset, rhyme, spectral emphasis

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Renewable energy based distributed generators (DGs) play a dominant role in electricity production, with the increase in the global warming. Distributed generation based on wind, solar energy, biomass, mini-hydro along with use of fuel cells and microturbines will give significant momentum in near future. Advantages like environmental friendliness, expandability and flexibility have made distributed generation, powered by various renewable and nonconventional microsources, an attractive option for configuring modern electrical grids. A microgrid consists of cluster of loads and distributed generators that operate as a single controllable system. As an integrated energy delivery system microgrid can operate in parallel with or isolated from the main power grid. The microgrid concept introduces the reduction of multiple reverse conversions in an individual AC or DC grid and also facilitates connections to variable renewable AC and DC sources and loads to power systems. The interconnection of DGs to the utility/grid through power electronic converters has risen concerned about safe operation and protection of equipment‟s. To the customer the microgrid can be designed to meet their special requirements; such as, enhancement of local reliability, reduction of feeder losses, local voltages support, increased efficiency through use of waste heat, correction of voltage sag or uninterruptible power supply. In the present work the performance of hybrid AC/DC microgrid system is analyzed in the grid tied mode. Here photovoltaic system, wind turbine generator and battery are used for the development of microgrid. Also control mechanisms are implemented for the converters to properly coordinate the AC sub-grid to DC sub-grid. The results are obtained from the MATLAB/ SIMULINK environment..

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Author Keywords:- Renewable Energy, Microgrid, MATLAB, Distributed Generation.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

This paper presents a set of novel and efficient set of alternative algorithms to the existing approaches to avoid a full mesh topology in internal border gateway protocol (iBGP). BGP exchanges routing information within an Autonomous System (AS) and among various ASes. All the routers inside an AS have to be connected in a full mesh topology to run iBGP. Managing a full mesh topology becomes difficult as the network size increases to reflect poor scalability. Route reflectors (RR) and BGP confederation are the two existing alternatives approaches to avoid full mesh topology at the cost of increased overheads and the possibility of network inconsistencies such as oscillations and persistent forwarding loops. The concept of central routing (CR) is an alternative solution, where the root node in an AS is responsible for all the control and management operations such as maintaining routing tables and calculating paths. The CR algorithms have been proven working successfully through simulations as a better option to avoid a full mesh oriented techniques for iBGP.

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Author Keywords:- BGP · iBGP · Route Reflector · BGP Confederation · Full Mesh Topology · Autonomous System.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Denoising digital images is a pre-process method in any application such as satellite, medical, remote sensing, face recognition and bio-metric authentication etc. Here in this proposal, we implemented a novel image denoising scheme using infantile fixation of non-local patch (IF-NLP), which is an extension version for the classical non local means (NLM), non-localEuclidean median (NLEM), generalized NLM and even fast-NLM algorithm. The proposed algorithm utilizes the patch reorganization lopping of pixels for denoising noisy or corrupted pixels. It has tested with larger noise variances. Simulation results have shown that the proposed denoising model has performed superior to the existing denoising models in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE).

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Author Keywords: - denoising, NLM, G-NLM, F-NLM, Non-local patch, PSNR and MSE.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 05

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

In this paper, we determine the structure of multiplicatively subidempotent semirings.

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Author Keywords: - Multiplicatively subidempotent semiring, zerosumfree semiring, regular semigroup, Band.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 04

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The geometry of the combustion chambrer is one of the factor effecting the efficience of C.I engine (Diesel Engine ). There are various engines used for agriculture purpose out of those MINI-PETER Diesel engine is generally used in present days. In this present work the modified geometries of MINI-PETER diesel engine is compared with the baseline data. The effect of geometry on the parameters like CO, CO2, NOX, HC and smoke density are studied. From the results it is concluded that the turbulence effect in the modified geometry is higher than the baseline geometry parameters.

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Author Keywords:- CFX, emission analysis of engine, emission analysis of C.I engine, CFD analysis, combustion chamber

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 07

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Among the various biometrics technologies, iris recognition is the most reliable and accurate biometric identification system available. In this paper a novel framework for recognizing and identifying iris is been proposed. Iroimages are pre-processed to remove noise using median filtering on different image planes separately. GLCM and Gabor wavelet texture features have been used to identify the Iris and classification tree approach is used to classify them. The results are improved by the use of combined GLCM and Gabor features. Speed vector machine (SVM) is used for classification. This is an intelligent system which has the ability to identify retina from photographs of their iris and it provides accurate results in less time. The real time database is prepared for the experimental use. The database contains various iris with various shapes, colours and size.

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Author Keywords: - Experiment is carried out with the different Iris of different classes and tested.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 11

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Various methods have been proposed for forecasting based on soft computing techniques. In this paper we have proposed a neural fuzzy hybrid time series model. The developed model has been presented in simple form of computation in fuzzy time series and back propagation algorithm for training of neural network model for the output data set obtained from fuzzy time series. In present study we have used the historical data of production of mustard of Lucknow district (INDIA).

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Author Keywords: - Artificial neural network ,Fuzzy time series, Fuzzy set, Linguistic value

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.