Volume 6 ~ Issue 2

The unconscious use of groundwater in agricultural irrigation threatens the potential and level of groundwater. So it is imperative to follow the groundwater Static Water Level (SWL) change in places where watering with the groundwater is made. The reason for the study area Bismil is that Bismil district of Diyarbakir entirely on agriculture and animal husbandry in the Upper Tigris Basin. Tigris River goes through the middle of the Bismil plain. There are two kinds of agricultural irrigation takes place in this region. The first, on the edge of the river Tigris fields during irrigation pumping from River. In the latter the field which far areas from river are provided from groundwater by wells more than last 15 years. However, consumption of more than feeding to bring this situation poses a threat for the groundwater. For this reason, the region's groundwater changes are studied with the data of water well the years between 1996 and 2011. Arc Info 10.2.1 programme Spatial Analysed Extension used as GIS technic.

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Author Keywords:- Groundwater, GIS, Agricultural area, Upper Tigris Basin.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 06

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

In many organisations where there exists several levels of hierarchy, there is often the need to route a request from one level to the next until it reaches the last level where a decision is ultimately taken. In contemporary email services, this will be usually achieved by composing a mail and either forwarding it from one intermediary to another, or carbon-copying to all intermediaries. Unfortunately, these options have several drawbacks one of which is that the content of the original request can be modified by any member in the route. In this paper, we add a through-mail feature by which a user may channel his request via a predetermined route of intermediaries entered via a purpose-built interface on the email client. The request will reside at transitbox of an intermediary for a user-specified transit time. Our transit server will have the task to monitor the transit time of a transit mail at an intermediary. Another task of the transit server is to relay a mail from one intermediary to another when former responds within the transit time or when the transit time expires. At his transitbox, the user may read the comments from past intermediaries as well as post his own. This process of email transiting is significantly more convenient, temper-proof and traceable, making it a very desired feature in an email service for many organisations.

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Author Keywords:- Email, internet message access protocol (imap), internet message format (imf), multipurpose internet mail extensions (mime), simple mail transfer protocol (smtp), transit, through-Mail.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 10

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The project deals with the development of the design of low head light weight Kaplan turbine blade. To enhance it's hydrodynamic efficiency by reducing weight, shape alterations, blade angle with combination of materials Aluminium alloy, Structural steel, Titanium alloy Stainless steel. The 3D model of blade is developed using software Solid Works and Analysis of blade is done on Ansys14.

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Author Keywords:- Development, design, low head, light weight, Kaplan Turbine.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 09

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The current research work is performed to determine the calorific value of different fuel (petrol samples) available in the state of Telengana (Inda). Different samples were collected from various fuel stations sold by different companies, to show different calorific values which is considered to be one of the key parameters to determine the quality of the fuel.

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Author Keywords:- Combustion, Equivalent mass, Calorific value, petrol.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 04

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

An attempt is made to measure the contact angle of different fluids in water, gear oil, multi stoke engine oil, using imaging method. It give the wettability of rock or the formation in this study we used metal plates that is silver .if the angle formed is above 90° than it is non-wet fluid than it is immiscible if it is below 90 deg then it is wettable than it is miscible.

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Author Keywords:- contact angle, petroleum samples, immiscible, water, gear oil.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 02

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The idea behind the current work is determining the contact angle of few different fluids namely water, oil, detergent water and mixture of oil cum water using imaging method. Imaging method provides wettabillity of rock or formation information. Analysis were carried out using metal plate made up of silver. Since contact angle measurement is an important parameter for petroleum reservoir fluids we used contact angle goniometer for accurate analysis.

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Author Keywords:- Contact angle, petroleum reservoir, oil water mixture, wettability.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 05

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Crashworthiness of the structures used in automotive is widely being addressed as it is defining the safety. The present article aims to investigate crushing performance under axial and oblique impact performed under 10°, 20° and 30° for different cross-section configurations of S-shaped longitudinal members. Modeling and numerical analysis are carried out using finite element code LS-DYNA. The model was validated using experimental data. The complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) method is used to provide optimized alternative design by considering two conflicting criteria, energy absorption (EA) and peak crushing force (PCF). The results indicate that the structures (at which four blades connect the outer and the inner walls) with inner reinforcing blades have a high crash performance than the others (without connecting blades). Besides, the blades in multi-cell members, which connect the middle of edges (T4), lead to superior response in comparison with the other ones (which connect corners). Finally, dimensions (the wall thickness and the distance of inner and outer tubes) of T4 are optimized by design of experiment and response surface methodology techniques.

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Author Keywords:- Crashworthiness, Design of experiment, Impact, Multi-cell, Optimization.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 14

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) is used to essentially identify potential accidents related to the system and its interfaces to assess their probability of occurrence and the severity of the damage they may cause and finally propose solutions that will reduce, control or eliminate. Although essential in the process of analysis and safety evaluation of high-risk industrial system, the method PHA is very differently developed and remained unclear. This method is generally classified in theory by an inductive approach. However, in practice, a deductive approach is essentially used as the Fault tree analysis. To enhance the quality of the safety analysis in terms of completeness and consistency, we suggest a new hybrid method that combines these two modes of reasoning: induction and deduction. Indeed, the safety analysis of a complex system requires from experts in the field implementation of an iterative analysis process involving both inductive and deductive approaches. The ambition of this new method is to deconsolidate and renovate conventional approaches. In addition, this method is based on the use of a standardized vocabulary and a rigorous analytical approach likely to be accepted by all actors who participate in the development of safety documentation. Indeed, in accordance with national and European regulations and in particular the Railway Safety Directive, this paper proposes a generic approach for development assistance, assessment and prevention of risks which takes account of uses, theory and our experience in this domain.

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Author Keywords:- PHA; Railway transport; Safety; Accidents; Risk; Dangers; Hazard ; Hybrid reasoning.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Determination of the amount of water in crude oil and petroleum products has always been important. Rather than paying crude oil prices for water, contracts have been based on "net dry oil". This is calculated by reducing the total gross standard volume (GSV) by the amount of water and sediment present as determined by analysing a sample of the oil. Accurate analysis for the water content is usually more difficult than the determination of gross volume, temperature, and gravity of the oil.

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Author Keywords:- oil, water, dean stark apparatus.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 04

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

The software engineering is comparatively new and regularly changing field. The big challenge of meeting strict project schedules with high quality software requires that the field of software engineering be automated to large extent and human resource intervention be minimized to optimum level. To achieve this goal the researcher have explored the potential of machine learning approaches as they are adaptable, have learning ability. In this paper, we take a look at how genetic algorithm (GA) can be used to build tool for software development and maintenance tasks.

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Author Keywords:- Genetic Algorithm, Software Testing, Component Repository.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 07

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Cultivation of grape in Albania has an ancient tradition and it is advantaged by suitable pedoclimatic conditions for a quality grape production. This fact is testified by its extension over whole territory of the country, as well as, by the existence of a great number of autochthon cultivars, which are distinguished for quantitative productivity and they are well accepted by market. Lobesia botrana is the main pest which attack native grape cultivars, causing a considerable damage. To find a proper time of intervention is the crucial moment for realizing the treatments. For that reason, attending of flying curve of Lobesia botrana, four pheromone traps were located in the non treated plots. The counting of the adults caught in pheromone traps is done weekly. According to climatic conditions of Albania, Lobesia botrana gives three generations per year. The most harmful generations are second and third one. Using Bt varieties for controlling of L. botrana provide biological effectiveness, so it is an alternative for controlling of the pest in native cultivars. During the experiment is shown a difference between incidence and severity in treated plots and non treated plots.

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Author Keywords:- Lobesia botrana, pheromones, Bt varieties, Shesh i zi, native cultivar.

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e-ISSN: 2319-183X, p-ISSN: 2319-1821 Source Type: Journal Original Language: English
Document Type: Article Number of pages: 08

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© Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.